This article provides a brief description of the meaning of fabrication and manufacturing and broadly explains the classification of manufacturing, its characteristics, the characteristics of high-end manufacturing, and the future development trend of manufacturing.
Contents
2.1 Times
2.2 Scale
2.3 Trends
5.1 Primary Industry
5.2 Secondary Industry
5.3 Tertiary industry
6.1 According to the form of substances used in production.
6.2 There are 31 types if it is classificated by industry
6.3.1 Make-To-Order (MTO)
6.3.2 Assembly-To-Order (ATO)
6.3.4 Make-To-Stock (MTS)
6.4 There are 6 types if it is classificated by Production Style
8.1 Definition of High-end Manufacturing
8.2 High-end manufacturing vs. low-end manufacturing
8.4 Main Features
8.4.1 High technological content
8.4.2 High capital investment
8.4.4 High information intensity
8.4.5 High control power
8.4.6 Strong driving force
9.1, 1970s
9.3, Trends in Manufacturing in 2023
9.3.1 Adoption of automation
9.3.2 Acceleration of digital transformation and IT/OT convergence
9.3.3 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technology Speeds Up
9.3.5 Utilising RFID, ultra-wideband, and Bluetooth low-power technologies
9.4. Future direction of the manufacturing industry
9.4.1 Automation and Intelligentisation
9.4.2. digital manufacturing
9.4.3 Green Manufacturing
9.4.5 Customised production
9.5 Four Important Trends for Machinery Manufacturing in the Future
I, Definition of Fabrication
Fabrication means processing raw materials into an applicable product or fabricating raw materials into artifacts.
II, Fabrication vs. Manufacturing
2.1 Times
The word of manufacture was born earlier than fabricate.
2.2 Scale
Fabrication has almost the same meanings as manufacturing. However, manufacturing has developed a meaning of mass production since steam engines replaced manual labor after mankind entered the era of big machine production.
2.3 Trends
Nowadays, the word manufacture is not as frequently used as in the 20th century, as most of the labor-intensive manufacturing factories have moved to the Eastern Hemisphere.
The fabricate also has meaning of craftsmanship because more and more used in Western worlds.
III, What is the Manufacturing Industry
The manufacturing industry is a material production sector that processes and reprocesses extractive and agricultural products.
In the era of mechanical industry, it means industries support mass fabrication of the manufacturing resources (materials, energy, equipment, tools, capital, technology, information and manpower, etc.), by market requirements, through the manufacturing process, into a large-scale tool for people using, industrial products and consumer products.
IV, What is the machinery manufacturing industry
It refers to engaging in a variety of power machinery, lifting, and transport machinery, agricultural machinery, metallurgy and mining machinery, chemical machinery, textile machinery, machine tools, tools, instruments, meters, and other machinery and equipment manufacturing industries.
The machinery manufacturing industry provides technical equipment for the entire national economy. The development level of the Machinery manufacturing industry is one of the main signs of national industrialization.
V, Attribution of Manufacturing
Human production activities are generally classified into three major industries:
5.1 Primary Industry
The primary industry refers to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries;
5.2 Secondary Industry
The secondary industry is the manufacturing industry;
5.3 Tertiary industry
The tertiary industry is the service industry.
VI, Classification of manufacturing industries
6.1 According to the form of substances used in production.
The manufacturing industry can be classified as discrete manufacturing and process manufacturing.
6.2 There are 31 types if it is classificated by industry
Agricultural and food processing industry
Food manufacturing industry
Alcohol, Beverage, and Refined Tea Manufacturing
Tobacco products industry
Textile industry
Textile and Clothing
Clothing Industry
Leather, fur, feather and their products and footwear industry
Wood processing and wood, bamboo, rattan, palm and grass products, furniture manufacturing industry
Paper and paper products
Printing and recording media reproduction
Manufacture of literary, educational, industrial, sports and recreational articles
Petroleum processing, coking, and nuclear fuel processing industry
Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry
Chemical Fibre Manufacturing, Rubber and Plastic Products Industry
Non-metallic mineral products industry
Ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry
Non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry
Metal Products
General Equipment Manufacturing
Special Purpose Equipment Manufacturing
Automobile Manufacturing
Railway, ship, aerospace, and other transport equipment manufacturing industry
Electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing
Computer, communication, and other electronic equipment manufacturing
Instrumentation Manufacturing
Other manufacturing industries
Comprehensive Utilisation of Waste Resources
Metal products, machinery, and equipment repair industry
6.3 Classification by manufacturing method:
Manufacturing activities in the manufacturing industry are diverse. According to the methods of production and manufacturing, manufacturing is divided into 4 types.
6.3.1 Make-To-Order (MTO)
Order production: the ability to manufacture a variety of products, only to maintain a small inventory of finished goods, production lead time is short, and the delivery period is also short.
Order production is mainly concerned with production planning and control. Because in make-to-order production, most of them are new orders and the ratio of repeated operations is not high, so it becomes very important to report problems quickly and react faster to solve problems such as machine installation and material plan changes.
6.3.2 Assembly-To-Order (ATO)
Assembly production is a special case of order production. It is a special case of order production, where the final product required on an order is assembled from existing parts in stock.
is often used in order production for a series of optional products. These parts are generally common parts and components and are produced in advance after the storage of the warehouse, When the customer needs them, they will be assembled on the line.
6.3.3. Engineer-To-Order (ETO)
Engineering production is to organize production with engineering projects, such as the production of lifts, boilers, shipbuilding, and so on. The general product structure is complex, with few common and standard parts. Product design has to be carried out first, so the lead time is long and so is the delivery period.
Engineering project-oriented companies usually give planners a constant backlog of orders for production scheduling.
6.3.4 Make-To-Stock (MTS)
Make-To-Stock Production: Organisation of production starts before the order is accepted. Generally, there are multiple products and multiple locations of finished goods in stock for customers to choose from.
In make-to-stock production, the lead time is shorter and delivery is on time because the initiative of production planning and control is taken.
6.4 There are 6 types if it is classificated by Production Style
6.4.1 Design to Order (DTO) or Design to Project (Engineer To Project)
6.4.2 Assemble To Order (ATO) or Make To Order (MOT)
6.4.3 Make To Stock (MTS)
6.4.4 Repetitive manufacturing (Repetitive)
6.4.5 Batch manufacturing (Batch)
6.4.6 Continuous manufacturing (Continuous)
VII, Manufacturing Processes
Manufacturing processes include product manufacturing, design, raw material procurement, equipment assembly, warehousing and transport, order processing, wholesale operations, and retailing.
VIII, High-end Manufacturing
8.1 Definition of High-end Manufacturing
High-end manufacturing is the opposite of low-end manufacturing, which is the advanced stage of industrialization development, and is an industry with high technological content and high value-added.
Low-end manufacturing is the product of the early stage of industrialization, while high-end manufacturing is the product of the late stage of industrialization and post-industrialization. The distinctive features of high-end manufacturing are high technology, high value-added, low pollution and low emissions, and a strong competitive advantage.
8.2 High-end manufacturing vs. low-end manufacturing
The biggest difference between high-end manufacturing and traditional manufacturing is:
The traditional manufacturing industry relies on traditional crafts, the technical level is not high, the labor efficiency is not high, the labor intensity is big, and mostly belongs to the labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries. And high-end manufacturing industry relies on the competitive advantage of high-tech and high-end equipment, the easiest to replace the traditional manufacturing industry. The traditional manufacturing industry and high-end manufacturing industry is the biggest gap between the scientific and technological strength, high-end manufacturing industry to traditional manufacturing industry to be transformed and upgraded, is the inevitable process of manufacturing development.
8.3 Advantages of High-end Manufacturing Industry
The high-end manufacturing industry is generally in the high-end segment of the manufacturing value chain, with technology, knowledge-intensive, high value-added, good growth, critical, and driven characteristics.
The high-end manufacturing industry is an important symbol to measure a country's core competitiveness
8.4 Main Features
The high-end manufacturing industry is characterized by high technological content, high capital investment, high value-added, high information intensity, as well as higher industrial control and a stronger driving force.
8.4.1 High technological content
High technological content means that the high-end manufacturing industry adopts relatively advanced technology, gathers a large number of R&D and technical talents with strong independent innovation ability, and the products are condensed with high technological content.
8.4.2 High capital investment
High capital investment is due to the core technology of the high-end manufacturing industry is often difficult to research and develop, Process complexity, to overcome these core technologies must pay a high amount of research and development costs; in addition, the production of the enterprise required instruments, equipment, materials often itself has a high value, need to be higher acquisition costs.
8.4.3 High Added Value
High Added Value is formed because of the embodying value of R&D achievements, advanced equipment, brands, and other aspects in their products by the high-end manufacturing enterprises.
8.4.4 High information intensity
High information intensity refers to the high-end manufacturing enterprises to gain an advantage in the competition, must master the R & D, market, industrial policy, competitors' strategies, and other aspects of information, to ensure that the information transfer is smooth and efficient use.
8.4.5 High control power
High control power means that high-end manufacturing enterprises are in the position of control nodes in the industrial chain, with certain monopoly characteristics, and can influence the behavior of other enterprises.
8.4.6 Strong driving force
A strong driving force means that high-end manufacturing enterprises have advanced technology and equipment and strong innovation ability, which can radiate and technology overflow to upstream and downstream enterprises, to have a strong driving effect on the technological innovation and competitiveness enhancement of the whole industrial chain.
8.5 Classification of Industrial Powers with high-end Manufacturing Industries
8.5.1 First-class industrial power with overall strength in enterprise technology, markets, industry, etc., such as the United States, Japan, and Germany;
8.5.2 An industrial powerhouse with overall superiority and obvious local strength, such as the United Kingdom, France, South Korea, and so on;
8.5.3 The industrial powers with very prominent local strength, such as Switzerland, Sweden, and Italy.
These different types of industrial powers have several high-end manufacturing clusters with a strong capacity for independent innovation and resource integration.
Their main characteristics are manifested as follows:
Strong international competitiveness of enterprises;
First-class technological innovation capability;
The international leading industrial clusters;
The industrial system is green and environmentally friendly.
Outstanding soft power in the culture, education, and productive service industries.
IX, Development of Manufacturing
9.1, 1970s
Manufacturing also developed after the 1970s.
Information technology has led to industrialization, with the emergence of highly flexible and automated, computer-controlled production equipment, lean manufacturing through process control, just-in-time production, delegated work, quality management, and other innovations in the manufacturing process, and new marketing strategies, such as aiming at smaller markets and offering a wider range of products with a shorter lifespan for replacement, which has made it possible to improve the quality of products, offer a wider range of choices and respond quickly, all at the same time, without increasing costs. As a result, the new production methods have the reliability of quality, personalized design, and the right price at the same time, and new manufacturing modes such as Just-in-Time (JIT), Lean Manufacturing, Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Systems (SIMS), Agile Manufacturing, Virtual Manufacturing, and Virtual Enterprises have emerged.
9.2. Current advantages of manufacturing in various countries
9.2.1. Globalisation strategy has become the preferred strategy of various multinational manufacturing companies to capture the world market
9.2.2.New changes have occurred in the way manufacturing is globalized
9.2.3. Global technology innovation centers are separating from manufacturing centers
9.2.4. Multinational corporations diversify their technological innovation paths
9.3, Trends in Manufacturing in 2023
9.3.1 Adoption of automation
Rather than focusing on expanding the workforce, manufacturers will use technology and automation to enhance workforce capabilities, improve processes, and increase efficiency.
9.3.2 Acceleration of digital transformation and IT/OT convergence
Digital transformation and IT/OT (information technology/operational technology) convergence will accelerate. Spending on the Internet of Things (IoT), smart edge and cloud technologies, and 5G will accelerate the adoption of Machine Vision (MV), Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning (AI/ML), with new use cases driving Quality 4.0 and order productivity levels to new heights through robotics.
9.3.3 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technology Speeds Up
Many industries have been transformed with the help of AI/ML, and it's time for manufacturers to adopt AI/ML in a big way to improve employee efficiency, equipment efficiency, and uptime.
9.3.4 Enhancing Supply Chain Visibility and Monitoring
Manufacturers will extend operations and enhance supply chain visibility and monitoring within the overall value chain. Many manufacturers are paying the price for the challenges they are experiencing in terms of quality. There is absolutely zero tolerance for health and safety issues. Across the industry as a whole, manufacturers will look to technology to minimize the risk to people and the negative impact on their brands.
9.3.5 Utilising RFID, ultra-wideband, and Bluetooth low-power technologies
Manufacturers will utilize RFID, ultra-wideband, and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technologies to identify process issues.
9.4. Future direction of the manufacturing industry
9.4.1 Automation and Intelligentisation
With the continuous progress of technology, automation, and intelligence have become an important direction for the global manufacturing industry. By introducing technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence, manufacturing companies can realize automation and intelligence in the production process and improve production efficiency and quality.
9.4.2. digital manufacturing
The development of digital and information technology has enabled manufacturing companies to achieve comprehensive digital manufacturing. Through digital production planning and management systems, manufacturing companies can better control the production process and increase the flexibility and responsiveness of production.
9.4.3 Green Manufacturing
The increasing of global concern for environmental protection and growing environmental awareness has made green manufacturing an important trend in the development of the global manufacturing industry.
Manufacturing companies are promoting measures such as the application of clean energy and the reduction and reuse of waste to reduce the impact of the production process on the environment.
9.4.4 Supply chain visualization and collaboration
One of the trends in the global manufacturing industry is to break down traditional supply chain barriers and achieve supply chain visualization and collaboration. Through information sharing and collaboration platforms, manufacturing enterprises can better cooperate with suppliers and partners to achieve efficient supply chain management.
9.4.5 Customised production
Diversified consumer demands have made customized production a new trend in the development of global manufacturing. Through flexible production processes and technologies, manufacturing companies can meet individual consumer demands and provide customized products and services.
9.5 Four Important Trends for Machinery Manufacturing in the Future
9.5.1 Convergence of technologies in machinery manufacturing. In many areas of machinery manufacturing, electronic control and software technologies are becoming as important as mechanical engineering.
9.5.2 Service-oriented thinking in machinery manufacturing. In areas ranging from lifts to plant equipment, manufacturers are no longer profitable because they produce products to fixed specifications, but are required to produce products to meet the individual needs of the user.
9.5.3 Global product development in the machinery manufacturing industry. Rather than working behind closed doors, the product development of enterprises is being geared towards open public platforms and social resources.
9.5.4 Updating production strategies in the machinery manufacturing industry.
WHGCM has been engaged in professionally customized chemical equipment for more than 10 years and has produced reactor systems that can be integrated with IT/IoT technology, which can meet customers' needs for remote monitoring and operation of equipment. Meanwhile, our company actively cooperates with university chemists to provide customers with assistance as much as we can.
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